2009年年會論文 -当代中国环境运动中的媒体角色:从中华环保世纪行到厦门PX
篇名
当代中国环境运动中的媒体角色:从中华环保世纪行到厦门PX
The role of mass media in the formation of China’s environmental movement: From CCEP to anti-PX in Xiamen
作者
曾繁旭
Fax Zeng
中文摘要
中国环境运动与媒体之间的关系十分密切,它始于1990年代初的一场由国家发起的媒体宣传运动。通过对这场环境运动及其演变过程的分析,本文说明中国环境运动与媒体的关系经过了三个发展阶段,而且,随着环境运动的发展,媒体在其间所扮演的角色也有所不同。本文呈现了若干个环境运动议题,以此说明中国媒体与环境运动的互动逻辑,以及进行议题建构的动力机制、议题特征、媒体角色与新闻实践所发生的变化。
本文强调,中国的媒体与环境运动关系表现出了一种反抗性的文化特征,因为中国的主流大报大多在环境议题中呈现出同情NGO与城市公民的报道立场,自觉地成为利益集团和地方政府的反对者角色。本文说明,正是在这样一些具有“灰色”特征的议题领域的突破,使得在媒体作为“党和政府喉舌”的角色并发生体制性转换的情况下,媒体的另外一个角色——“社会喉舌”逐渐取得发展。
可以说 ,本文不仅说明了中国媒体在环境运动发展过程中的不同角色,分析了中国媒体生产与媒体格局所发生的变化,也说明了中国的“媒体-社会运动文化”的特征,这些内容,对于我们理解中国的社会运动形成与媒体变迁有着重要的价值。
英文摘要
China’s Environmental movement has very close relation with media and it began from a propaganda campaign launched by the central government to increase people’s awareness of the environment protection in the early 1990’s. By analyzing the developing process of the movement, this article shows that the relation between Chinese media and environmental movement has gone through three phases, in which media play different roles. The article takes several media agendas as cases to describe the changes in movement dynamics, media’ role and news-making process.
This paper concludes that there is a resistant culture in the relation between China media and environment movement, that is why mainstream media tend to be sympathetic about the environmental NGOs and citizens in many agendas, and as a result, plays an opposing role against the government. The research shows that because the boundary-spanning practices in these gray zones, the role of media in contemporary China is quietly changing: media gradually acquire a role as “mouthpiece of the society”, although the original role as “mouthpiece of the Party” has remained unchanged.
In a whole, this article illustrates not only the important role of media in the formation of environmental movement, but also the changes taken place in the China media reporting and media structure. These phenomena are very important for us to understand the formation of environment movement and the transition process of Chinese media.
中文關鍵詞
环境运动,议题建构,反抗文化,传媒赋权,社会喉舌
英文關鍵詞
environmental activism, agenda building, resistant culture, media empowerment, mouthpiece of the society
發表日期
2009.07.06
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