新聞自律，抑或落井下石：從TVBS「黑道嗆聲光碟事件」析論媒體批評在台灣
Media self-regulation or hitting a person when he is down?The media criticism in Taiwan:On the affair of video intruded by mafia on Channel TVBS ’

張耀仁

在市場導向新聞學大行其道的當代，「新聞自律」一詞越形薄弱與耐人尋味，其中，研究者多關注於新聞評議會與新聞公評人制度，而較少析論媒體批評（media criticism），甚或媒體自我批評（media self-criticism）之意涵。
本研究即分別從：（一）媒體依據何種概念來批評同業犯錯？（二）媒體批評的訴求是針對「一般閱\聽眾」，抑或針對「專業人士」，或兩者皆有？據此以TVBS「黑道嗆聲光碟事件」為例，針對《中國時報》、《聯合報》、《自由時報》、《蘋果日報》等主流媒體內容，析論台灣媒體如何對同業犯錯進行媒體批評。
研究發現，媒體對於同業犯錯的批評可分為「假新聞」、「批評媒體批評」以及「NCC」等三個關鍵詞。其批評依據在「假新聞」方面，係從「新聞專業」、「新聞倫理」進行檢視；而在「批評媒體批評」上，則從偽善與事件變調的觀點評論「有心媒體」之批評；至於對於NCC的批評，則質疑其專業與是否違法，並批評李濤在事件中所扮演的角色。最後，在訴求對象上，媒體批評主要係訴求於「一般聽眾」，並非如國外研究乃係以專業人士為主。

As the marketing-driven journalism flourishes, the subject of media self-regulation becomes weaker and seldom to be mentioned. Nowadays, researchers tend to pay more attention on the The National Press Council of the ROC or the system of press ombudsman than giving consideration on the media criticism or media self-criticism.
Focusing on “the affair of CD intruded by mafia” reported on Channel TVBS, this essay divides this affair into three dimensions to separately analyze which are as follows: 1. In which way do the other media report or criticize when the persons in the same trade make mistakes? 2. Upon what basis dose the media criticize the others? 3. Do they address a general audience, an “insider audience” of media professionals, or both?
This essay found the media give quite severe and more criticism in accordance with media self-regulation to those one in the same trade when they make mistakes than to themselves. However, the undertone of their media self-regulation limits only to the level of morality and the media criticism do address a general audience with particular political standpoint.

媒體批評，媒體自我批評，新聞自律，TVBS「黑道嗆聲光碟事件」

media criticism， media self-criticism， media self-regulation， “ the affair of video intruded by mafia on Channel TVBS”

2009.07.06

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S118-新聞自律，抑或落井下石：從TVBS黑道嗆聲光碟事件析論媒體批評在台灣.pdf