臺灣媒體誹謗判決趨勢研究：一個歷時性的分析
The Trend Study of Media Defamation Verdicts in Taiwan: Analysis in Diachronic Point of View

李冠儀、邱馨玉

有關媒體誹謗議題之討論，隨解嚴、媒體言論尺度大幅放寬愈受到重視。近年來，台灣處理媒體誹謗案時深受美國誹謗審理原則影響，在判決標準與釋憲解釋文中逐漸加入部分美國聯邦判例之精神與準則，對台灣媒體誹謗判決影響深遠。本研究以歷時性觀點出發，藉由案例分析法，檢視台灣自戒嚴至今三個時期媒體誹謗相關法律與判決的趨勢，爬梳台灣與美國相關判決標準並比較之，綜論台灣近年來在媒體誹謗法律發展上的趨勢。研究結果發現，台灣三個時期的媒體誹謗判決標準有顯著的改變，在漫長演進歲月中，台灣在媒體誹謗法規與新聞自由的落實有長足的進步。然而，與美國誹謗法律實踐比較仍存有諸多差異，例如新聞自由的法理層級、公眾人物的定義、誹謗除罪化等議題，辯論的空間仍大。

The issue of increasing numbers of media defamation cases becomes more and more important nowadays. The purpose of this study is to explore and discuss the trend of development of media defamation law and verdicts in Taiwan. By means of adopting the research method of case analysis, this study reviewed the libel claims and verdict doctrines of United States and Taiwan defamation laws. Comparing some important principles of Taiwan media defamation law with United States ones, the result of this study indicated that in the long run of evolution, Taiwan has made great progress in media defamation verdicts and practiced the freedom of the press. However, some issues including the legal position of Interpretation No.509, the definition of public figures, etc. are still in debate.

五○九號解釋文，案例分析法，真實抗辯，媒體誹謗，實質惡意

J. Y. Interpretation No.509, case analysis, allegation of fact, defamation, actual malice

2006.07.12

已授權

2006D03.pdf