社區媒介與參與：以參與傳播架構對小功\率社區電台所行之評估
Community Media and Particpation: An Evaluating Research of Low-Power Community Radio Stations by Using Participatory Communication Framworks

步明薇
Pu, Ming-Wei

1994年始，台灣掀起一波社區論述與社區運動風潮﹔在廣電體系方面，因應頻道解禁，當時新興廣播媒介─小功\率社區電台應運而生。筆者從「社區電台」（community radio）具有：規模小、非商業性、自願性以及高民眾參與的特質出發，思考台灣的「小功\率社區電台」與「社區」之間的關係。理論上，為民所有、所用的社區電台，民眾如何現參與？小功\率社區電台的現況與處境呈現何種樣態？在此，筆者引據參與傳播（participatory communication）理論探討媒介機構的研究架構，檢視民眾在社區電台中「製作、決策、計劃」階段的參樣態。

從研究結果來看，從理論提供的評估標準來看，民眾的參與僅達製作層次，決策、計劃工作仍由負責電台營運的人士執行。「專業」仍舊是電台工作人員運作小功\率社區電台要求。包括政策擺\盪、社區文化基礎薄弱等外部因素，是小功\率社區電台面臨瓶頸，或轉型、或轉手的關鍵。1998年元月，政策改變促使「小功\率社區電台」的頻率擴大，幾乎與中功\率電台無異，「形式上」的「小」功\率社區電台已不復見。

From the beginning of ’94, researches and social movement related with "community" was emerged, so as to the broadcasting media system. Because of deregulation of the Broadcasting and TV Law, there was a king of new broadcasting media named "low-power community radio" began to work. The author examined the basic elements of community radio by using participatory communication theory frameworks--production, decision-making and planning, in order to realized the community participation and the management of the Low-power community radio.

According to the conclusion of the research, grassroots people only can participated in production status. And because of the lack of community culture, low-power community radio faced bottleneck so soon that the owner decided to sold the radio or changed the management goal and then commercialized.

參與傳播，社區，社區媒介，社區參與，小功\率社區電台

participatory communication，community，community media，community participation，low-power community radio

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社區媒介與參與：以參與傳播架構對小功\v社區電台所行之評估.pdf